The Steelers/Ravens game and the NFL Rulebook
There was a lot of discussion last night on whether or not Santonio Holmes scored a TD against the Ravens last night. However, it appears like there's a real lack of understanding of the NFL rulebook by the media, so I'm going to quote the NFL rulebook:
Rule 11 Scoring
Section 2 Touchdown
Article 1 It is a touchdown (3-38):
(a) when a runner advances from the field of play and the ball touches the opponents’
goal line (plane); or
(b) while inbounds any player catches or recovers a loose ball (3-2-3) on or behind the
opponents’ goal line.
I've bolded the important part. Notice that the rule says as long as "player" is on or behind the opponents goal line, it's a touchdown. There's nothing in the rule book that says the ball must break the plane on a catch. It specifically states this is the case for a "runner", but in the case of a receiver it states "any player catches or recovers a loose ball on or behind the opponents' goal line."
I don't think there's any doubt that Holmes clearly had two feet in the endzone when he caught the pass. However, the only thing being brought up by the media has been that the ball has to break the plane—which doesn't appear to be the case.
I must confess, I was unclear of this rule as well, but most fans learn the rules from listening to broadcasts, which in the past they've always declared the ball must break the plane of the goal line.
I had to look this rule up after hearing the refs ruling after the review. If you listen to his ruling, he specifically doesn't mention anything about the ball breaking the plane—just that the receiver had two feet down with clear possession of the ball while being the endzone.
Anyway, there's much debate about this ruling yesterday and the Ravens fans are up in arms about the call. Hopefully this rule adds some clarity to the situation.
NOTE:This quote comes from the 2006 NFL Rulebook (page 79), but I can't find any rule changes that indicate this rule has changed over the past two seasons, so I believe this ruling is still accurate.
Comments
I don't read it that way. I'm not an English major, but it looks to me as "player" is the subject and not "ball." Part (a) is very clear that it's the ball that must break the plane.
The other reason I believe the rule is written with the player as the subject, is you could write the rule much simpler if it was just the ball that needed to break the goal line. The whole run could be written as:
"A touchdown is scored any time a player with possession of the ball, in the bounds of play with control of the ball and the ball breaks the plane of the goal line."
The fact that they break the rule into very specific subsets leads me to believe it was done this way on purpose (so that only the receiver needs to be in bounds.)
Also, I do seem to recall a catch within the past 2 years where a receiver caught the ball in a similar manor (where his feet were in the endzone, but he caught the ball clearly over the line) that was ruled a TD. I think maybe this was a Giants game, but I can't recall for sure. It's also possible this was a college game (and I know rules differ from College to Profession football.)
The second rule was written to address a touchdown where the ball is not in anyone's possession when breaking the plane such as a pass, fumble, blocked punt or a kickoff to the end zone.
Instead of defining all the nuances of how the ball could recovered, it might be very simply to state: It is a touchdown when: a team possesses the ball when the ball is on or beyond the opponents goal line (plane).
This would require an additional rule for the pass play where the player has two feet in the endzone and catches a ball that never crosses the plane... :)
But that brings to question the feet rules. Out of bounds needs to have both feet in the field of play, meaning that one foot on the sidelines means you are out of bounds. True interpretation of that rule means that yes, you need two feet in the back and sides of endzone to establish in bounds and a touchdown, but only one foot in the endzone should be necessary if one foot is in the field of play. Thoughts?
The play on the field was originally ruled "not a touchdown". So by the media explanation of replay rules, the replay had to show UNdisputable evidence to overturn the ruling on the field. I feel this is the reason the call is so controversial. Even at superslow motion on my DVR, I could not tell exactly where the ball reached.
Before I get accused of being a Baltimore fan, I follow the Vikes in the NFC, don't really care about the AFC. Just want to see the rules evenly applied to all.
But that _is_ the discussion. If the rule simply requires possession + 2 feet in the end zone then the replay did provide indisputable evidence and it was, in fact, a touchdown (and was properly reversed). On the other hand, if the rule requires the ball to cross the plane then the replay could not be considered indisputable and the call should not have been reversed.
The vagaries of the rule make all the difference in the world.
As Rob said, the point of the post was to indicate that it appears from the rule book, only two feet in the endzone w/possession of the ball is required to constitute a TD. The replay clearly shows that he has two feet in the endzone w/possession of the ball.
I think this rule also explains why when the ref explained the ruling, he never said the words "broke the plane," but simply stated that the receiver had two feet in the endzone and possession of the ball.
(1) The ball is automatically dead at the instant of legal player possession on, above, or behind the opponents’ goal line.
If the rule was that a TD occurs at the moment of possession, i.e. when the players two feet landed in the TD area then the above rule note would appear to be unnecessary.
Further, the question is does the rule is subject to two different interpretations - if the emphasis is on the ball then the ball must be on or above the goal line, if the emphasis is on the player than where the player two feet landed would be the deciding factor.
opponents’ goal line."
This does not refer to the player, it refers to the ball.
Since you "can't imagine how it could be any clearer," here's one way:
"(b) while inbounds any player catches or recovers a loose ball (3-2-3) while the player is on or behind the opponents’ goal line."
Consider the following two sentences with the exact same sentence structure:
"I will eat the pizza on the table."
"I will eat the pizza on the beach."
In these sentences, the context makes it clear that in the first sentence the subject of the prepositional phrase is "the pizza" whereas in the second it is "I". In rule (b) for touchdowns, it is completely unclear (to me) whether the subject is the ball or the player.
We all know how the rules break down a catch in the endzone... like when a WR is on the side or backline of the endzone and makes a catch of a ball that is well out of bounds. If he can get two feet clearly in the field of play (endzone) with control of the ball, it is a score, right? We don't talk about the ball breaking the plane then, and the play in Balt. is like that kind of play more than it is like another kind of play... one where a player's body is not in the endzone at all as he reaches out to get the ball where his body isn't, like as someone streaks toward the goal line and is tackled at the one-foot line, but still reaches for a score via the ball breaking the plane.
Also consider the player who is running laterally with the ball near the goal line and is running out of field as the sideline comes closer and closer. To convert for six points, he is allowed to sneak his feet inside of the pylon without having to "break the plane". He can also do the inverse - break the plane with the ball without ever stepping into the endzone - and still get the six points.
Most will see that, if thinking of the plethora of rules that affect the type of situation seen in Baltimore yesterday, we can garner some logic for why the call was correct. Just seeign the play yesterday through the "breaking the plane" approach limits one as to all of the variables that can help us to understand the situation. Imagine Holmes was on the endline instead...does he score???
A Touchdown is the situation in which any part of the ball, legally in possession of a
player inbounds, is on, above, or behind the opponent’s goal line (plane), provided it is
not a touchback (11-2).
By the way, thanks for the link to the official rules. I've only seen the Digest of Rules for sale to the public, and that makes discussions like this even more difficult.
(b) while inbounds any player catches or recovers a loose ball (3-2-3) [which is] on or behind the opponents’ goal line.
It's referring to the player. Final word!
And for all the Raven whiners out there... GET OVER IT. If (a) your offense would have outplayed the Steeler D; or (b) your defense wouldn't have stopped its regular game plan and let the Steelers O march down the field in their last drive; or heck, even (c) had a QB who didn't crumble and throw a bad pass in the end zone during the 43 seconds they had to get into FG range... well, it certainly wasn't one call that was the cause for your loss.
Harrison was held all night with no calls. There was FLAGRANT pass interference that wasn't called. There were missed calls that should have gone against the Ravens and a couple that should have gone against the Steelers that didn't. It's called SMASHMOUTH football, and if they called everything... they'd still be playing.
I claim it is impossible for anyone on this blog to divine what the author intended from reading the sentence alone. If we look for clues in other areas, I agree with Dave DuPlantis --- in another part of the rulebook it says that the ball has to break the goal line plane to be a touchdown. Also, this is what the NFL VP of officiating (Mike Pereira) appears to have said. Why would you assume that he "doesn't know the rule" rather than that he knows what the correct interpretation of rule (b) is and that your interpretation is incorrect?
Finally, can anyone post a link of a clip of any other situation in NFL history where a touchdown is called and the ball doesn't cross the goal line plane, and there is no controversy? "We've all seen those Randy Moss diving catches" doesn't count --- I'm not sure the ball didn't break the plane in those cases.
Can anyone give an example of any other touchdown where the ball didn't break the plane?
I don't have a dog in this fight --- I'm a pathetic Redskins fan --- but I find it bewildering that people are insisting they see clarity in the face of patent ambiguity.
2- I will play your little game . In the above quote from the rule book there is an OR in there. WITHOUT the "OR" it would be redundante. Why would you even need the second part.
I have never seen so many stupid posts as I have seen after this particular play. Bunch of jealous mofos who have lost their minds. Watch the TAPE the ball only need to oh so barely touch the FRONT PART of the GOAL line..NOT THE BACK.. I am amazed at the HATERs and the DENIERS. FRIGGIN Hilarous.
So let me explain this from the digest in clear English. The rules that apply in this case are:
- Possession: When a player controls the ball throughout the act of clearly touching both feet, or any other part of his body other than his hand(s), to the ground inbounds.
- Touchdown: When any part of the ball, legally in possession of a player inbounds, breaks the plane of the opponent’s goal line, provided it is not a touchback.
That is very clear, I'm not seeing any opening for interpretation, so let's move on. I think the conditions for "possession" were very hard to ascertain and while the ball may very well have cracked the plane for an instant, it was anything but clear that the conditions for possession were met for that instant (if anything I would say they were clearly NOT met). There was simply no way that there was conclusive evidence to overturn the call on the field (regardless of what it was). Poor call on the overturn, and poor job by the NFL to clean up the ruling after the fact.
And by the way, the first down was clearly not a first down; no idea how that was not conclusive and the touchdown was. At least they could have been consistent...
The rule is clear that a receiver need only to catch a ball, secure it, and have two feet inside the end-zone to score a touchdown. This rule is the near inverse of the rule for sideline catches. Surely, the BALL does not need to be inside the field of play for a sideline catch to be legal. Similarly, the ball itself doesn't need to be in the end-zone (across the plane of the goal) for a catch to be a touchdown. Consider a catch wherein the receiver has two feet in bounds and the ball is far out of bounds, yet the receiver pulls it in. No one would doubt that the play is a touchdown, though the ball may never even have crossed the goal line IN THE AIR! Think people!
2. "I will eat the pizza on the table." - If all the spots on the bench are all taken, or there are no chair available, I will sit on the table to eat pizza. So the 'on the table' could also be referring to 'I'. Sam's statement may be vague, but the rule is clear. If rule (a) were to read "when a runner advances from the field of play and . . . touches the opponents’ goal line (plane)" ("the ball" are deleted) then the author of the rule were probably refer to "a runner" touches the goal line, not the ball. But he want to be clear that the runner must bring the ball to touches the goal line and that's why the words "the ball" are in rule (a). As for rule (b), the author definitely referred to the "catcher and recoverer" and not the ball, else he would have added the words "the ball" in there. I don't think he omits words for no good reason.
3. After studying the words (English is my 3rd language) and in my opinion (not football professional), rule (a) is for runner and not for catcher or fumble recover. It clearly states that the "runner" must advance the football "and the ball touches" the goal line to score. Rule (b), however, is for catcher and fumble recovers. It does not say "and the ball touches" the goal line anywhere, but it said "catches . . . ball . . . on or behind the opponents’ goal line." Which the receiver did. In this case rule (a) does not apply because it was not a running play, thus no need for the ball to touch plane. Because of the word "or", not "and", after the rule (a), we must ignore rule (a) and apply only rule (b) in this situation. Deleting all detail not relevant to this controversal play, the rule would have read: " It is a touchdown . . . while inbounds any player catches . . . ball . . . on or behind the opponents’ goal line." this is the rule the the ref use to overturn the on-field-call.
4. last but not least, if one argue that the rule clearly states that the ball must touches the plane to be considered a touchdown (run, catch, or recover), wouldn't it then be simpler for the author of the rule to just write: "It is a touchdown when a player or players, while inbounds and have control of the ball, advance the ball to touches the opponents’ goal line (plane)." Clearly the author of the rule states that there are 2 ways to score, a) - "runner" must bring the ball to touch the plane, "or" b) - "player" catches or recover the ball and be inbounds "on or behind" the goal line (no mention of touches the plane).
The evidence that the ball touches the plane is not indisputable, but the evidence that the player catches the ball behind the opponent goal line is clearly indisputable. The reversal was correct, so does explaination immediate follow.
And no, I am not a Ravens or Steelers fan, but I AM a football fan!
To Fred Bartstone: I know you've seen late in games where the quarterback throws toward the sideline first down marker and the receiver curls back towards the ball and catches it falling out-of-bounds while dragging his feet in-bounds. Do they mark it back where the BALL was when he caught it?...No they don't. They spot the ball where his FEET were.
Actually, this whole argument is a moot point because the ball DID touch the plane of the goal line anyway. Any Ravens fan who watches the replay and is honest with himself/herself would admit as much. If you want to b**** about a call, what about the first down given the Steelers that was obviously short of the 30 yard line? I'll give you that one.
see 17 second point at http://www.steelersdepot.com/blog/2008/12/video-of...
what is that black thing crossing the plane?
now pretend it is in high def like the official saw it.
clearly a td.
Issue is he has to have POSSESSION AND TWO FEET DOWN while or before the ball is touching the line. I totally agree that the ball touched the line, it is far from conclusive that he immediately had possession of the ball (he appears to double clutch it momentarily) and I would say he only has one foot down when he first touches the ball. Once he clearly has possession and both feet down (about 18 sec) the ball does not touch the plane again.
So in summary:
-> Possession + Two Feet then ball touches plane = touchdown
-> BUT it seems really obvious to be that we can argue all day about when he posses the ball and when both feet touched. That in my book = "inconclusive".
-> Inconclusive means don't change the ruling.
